Cnimite it immediately

Six scientists talk about obscure historical plot, which could become a feature film scripts.

Alexander Kamensky

Doctor of Historical Sciences, Dean of the Faculty of History of NRU "Higher School of Economics"

Source: investigative file the court-martial of the 5th Army.

Russia, in August 1914, the beginning of the First World War. Stationed in the Far East, the regiment received orders to redeploy to the Western Front. At the same time in the regiment is Nikolai Bobrov, a tradesman. He asks to be recorded in a volunteer regiment, and his request is granted. During the promotion of the regiment commanders Bobrov helps in handling weapons and personnel than gaining a general location.

Upon arrival at the West Front Bobrov takes part in all the battles in which the regiment involved. In one of them he is wounded, but continued to fight; in the other - replaces the deceased commander. Bobrov consecutively awarded three soldiers crosses of St. George, and soon made an officer.

In early 1917, Bobrov is to his company commander, and admits that he is not the man for whom she claims to be. In fact, he - in an obscure its outstanding absences commander of a separate Siberian artillery battalion, Colonel Nikolai Bobrov, holder of the Order of St. Stanislaus III degree, St. Anne's II degree and St. Vladimir with swords and bows.

It turns out that Bobrov was the hero of the Russian-Japanese War of 1904-1905 and made a lot of feats, for which he was awarded these awards. After the war, Bobrov was appointed commander of a separate artillery battalion, but a lot of risk and gambled and lost in one day all the regimental cash. Fearing arrest, Colonel fled with his family to Canada, where he became a prosperous farmer, deeply integrated into Canadian life. When the First World, he could not sit still and secretly returned to Russia to fight for king and country. Realizing that he must be careful, Beavers concealed his true biography, but on the eve of the Revolution decided to confess to the commander. All indications Bobrova and a photo and a letter of recommendation written by an Orthodox priest from Canada, the company commander to apply to the report. Apparently, he sympathizes Bobrov, but that is waiting for a court-martial. However, the fate of Bobrov and his commander is not known: in the yard in February 1917, on the eve of the revolution.

Elena Smilyanskaya

Doctor of historical sciences, professor NRU "Higher School of Economics"

Source: Fund of the Moscow Synodal office, the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts.

Winter 1747. On Tverskaya Zastava stop monastery wagon train from Moscow to St. Petersburg. In covered sleigh together with the venerable abbot Theophilus rides his nephew, but during the inspection it turns out that actually it's a runaway 19-year-old fortress Kuleva Anna, dressed as a man.

Synodal investigation establishes that a few years ago Kuleva lived in Moscow with the landowner-nun. One day, while walking with his girlfriend Daria Borisova, she met with the rector of Holy Cross Monastery and priest-monk Theophilus Zaikonospassky Lawrence monastery. The monks asked, could not the girl for a fee to hem their clothes, and they agreed.

After a while they repaired the clothes came in Zaikonospassky monastery located near the Kremlin. Daria had to carry things Lawrence, but he met a girl, attacked her with kisses. Anna, meanwhile, went to Theophilus, who invited her to his cell and locked the door. No questions asked, she became the abbot's bed, and he "lay down with her same, and again kissed the same, and perpetrated upon her without coercion, being a low-noise, adulterous fall."

Between the monks and the girls began a relationship that lasted a secret from everyone for several years: they met in the cells, went to rest in the monastery village of Cow bull and went together to the bath. Theophilus has repeatedly tried to send Anna away from the monastery, but could not bear the separation and he came to her. One day, learning that Theophilus went to St. Petersburg, Anna asked to take her with him, which led to the fatal climax, after which all the participants in this story were captured. Later, while in custody, Theophilus guard soldier asks to go to the Novodevichy Convent, where languishing Anna. From a soldier, he gives her a cypress cross, and "baked bread, eggs, chicken and twenty yes polgorshechka butter." Anna accepts gifts, however, he deceived his guard, running with him in an unknown direction. Soon out of the Guard runs and Daria, and Lawrence renounces all, and in the end he was acquitted. Theophilus deported to the Solovki monastery, where in ten years it takes the schema monk named Theodore. Despite intensive search, neither Anna nor Daria catch and you can not.

Oleg Ivanov and Alexei Lobin

Oleg Ivanov - author of the book "Zamoskvo Poreche. Pages of history. " Alex Lobin - Candidate of historical sciences, head of the scientific and methodological developments FSI "The State has-venous complex" Palais des Congrès "

Sources: Kievan antiquity. 1883 June. Pp 224-228; Readings in the Society of History and Russian Antiquities. 1894 kN. 2, pp 20-28; Memoirs relating to the history of South Russia. Vol. 2 (the first half XVII Art.). Pp 389-405; Pleas Kaluga Ivan S. Archer Moshkina King Emperor and the Grand Duke Mikhail Fedorovich All Russia.

1636. After the defeat of the Crimean Tatars Russian outpost on the river Kaluga diligence Sagittarius Ivan Semenovich Moshkin captured. In Crimea Moshkina sold on the slave market, and together with other Russian sent to Constantinople, where he is one of the 280 galley rowers Anti Pasha Mariola.

Galley Moshkin acquainted with the Muscovite Yakima Bykov, who is languishing for 20 years in captivity. Bykov tells how the three tried to escape, and how every time it caught and tortured. Moshkin always persuades slaves to arrange an escape. In 1641, during the siege of Azov, the conspirators manage to steal and hide in the breadcrumbs 40 pounds of gunpowder. In the fall of the Turkish fleet, having suffered heavy losses, reduces the siege and returned to Constantinople, and the Anti-Pasha, fearing the wrath of the Sultan, runs from the galley, which are Moshkin and Bulls.

Moshkin night, chained to the circuit bench, trying to set fire to the powder - but to no avail. It says a young man named Sylvester from Livorno. Accepting Islam, Sylvester earned the trust of the Anti-Pasha, and because it does not shackle, but secretly he is a Christian. Sympathizing with the rebels, Sylvester brings Ivan coals, wrapped in a rag. Sounds explosion. Many Turks are killed, and the survivors rush to the conspirators that beat harvested advance weapons. Sam Moshkin notch saber Anti-Pasha, and as a result the rebels were victorious.

Captivity surviving Turks and capturing rich booty, the rebels are sent to Sicily - Messina, being under Spanish rule. There fugitives call for service, but they refuse, saying that do not want to leave the orthodox faith. Seven people for the intractability put in jail, and the rest take up production, but set free.

From Messina fugitives get to Rome, where Pope accepts them. Then - in Venice, Austria, Hungary and Rzeczpospolita - they go home. Along the way, they are often called in the service, promising a lot of money, and the result to Moscow gets about two dozen people, including Moshkin and Bulls.

In the capital Moshkin refers to the Emperor Mikhail Fedorovich with a petition. He tells all his misadventures and asks fugitives salary. Yakima Bulls also wrote a petition, but he does not need a salary. Bykov wants to leave in the Novospassky Monastery and asked the Emperor to allow the veil without the put premium. In response, the emperor orders a one-time to give all the money to feed and send them on time to the jurisdiction of the Church - to fix needed, because they partake of the sacrament in the pope. Bykov king orders to mow without the contribution.

Dan Healy

Professor at the University of Reading (UK)

Source: AO Edelshteyg. By clinic transvestism / criminals and crime. M., 1927. Coll. II.

1915. Seventeen Eugene, dressed in a suit, came to the convent where her aunt lives. Mother and father Eugene died, and her aunt agrees to shelter her, but asks that the one wearing a woman's dress. Eugene flatly refuses: she wears men's clothes since childhood.

While living at the monastery, Eugene goes to the suit, smoking a pipe and enters into homosexual relationships. In 1918 she entered the service in the KGB. Taking advantage of the chaos, it forwards your documents converted into Gross, and sent to the Southern Front, where he participated in battles against the Whites. There Eugene gets a concussion, and it evacuated to a provincial town, where it becomes a political instructor in the GPU, still posing as a man.

In 1922, Eugene meets a girl that works at the post office, and almost immediately they were painted. After some time after the wedding Eugene has to open up, but women continue to live as a family.

Meanwhile, spread rumors that Eugene is not really a man, and against excite case, accusing him of "crimes against nature". But both women insist that they have entered into a marriage against their will, and the People's Commissariat of Justice recognizes its legitimate "as a prisoner by mutual consent."

Eugene often goes on business trips, and during one of these absences of her wife becomes pregnant from a colleague. Eugene admits his child. In 1924, the unit in which is Eugenia, was transferred to Moscow, but her wife and child in the capital can not move. In Moscow, Evgeny rather quickly dismissed from the bodies, and it is without a livelihood. A woman walks on the fraud: posing as an employee of the local committee, it offers people help in solving their problems. it also poses as a CID agent, a member of the presidium of the Moscow City Council and simple extortion. Soon she starts a mistress, a lot of drinking, scandals, and in 1926 it was arrested.

Once in custody, Eugenia said that she had tuberculosis, and wrote a complaint on hunger strike because she is forced to wear women's clothes. She let loose, but soon give birth to a new case and sentenced to a month in prison. In prison, Eugene again admitted to the hospital, where the doctor writes a letter, which is called "The history of my disease (brief confession middle floor man male psihogermafrodita"). She begins a secret affair with the matron, but their connection open, and matron expelled from the service. After leaving prison, Eugene break with previous lover and about 1927 moved to the matron, but the two women have no means of livelihood. Their further fate is unknown.

Igor Kurukin

Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of Russian History of the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times Faculty of archives History and Archives Institute of Russian State Humanitarian University

Sources: Complete Collection of decisions and orders on department of orthodox confession of the Russian Empire. T. 5-10. St. Petersburg, 1881-1906.; Collection of the Imperial Russian Historical Society. T. 84. St. Petersburg, 1893.; Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts. Foundation of the Solovetsky monastery.

St. Petersburg, December 1726. Synod considers the case of Maxim Parkhomov, Secretary of the provincial Sevsk. Not so long ago Parkhomov married second marriage to Daria Koltovskaya, the widow of the magistrates of the city of Karachev. At the time, the first wife Parkhomov went to the monastery, but she said before the court that her husband was forcibly handed over to her to obtain a divorce. There are numerous indications that the former wife Parkhomov was unfaithful to him and went to the monastery voluntarily, but the Synod recognizes marriage and Parkhomov Koltovskaya unlawful and requires it to terminate. However Parkhomov continues to live illegally with Koltovskaya demanding a retrial. He is so active that his case falls in 1727 to Catherine I, which disposes of all "changed their minds". A few months later, Catherine I die, and the Synod leaves the verdict and the case was passed Collegium of Justice, which threatens not only excommunication, but also arrest. Two years later, the Synod of the Church excommunicates lovers, but they continue to live together, and Parkhomov wrote petitions in all instances.

Finally, together with Daria he manages to get through to the Empress Anna Ivanovna. They throw themselves at her feet, and the one touched by the love story, gives the order: "Under the guard did not take." Eight years Parkhomov Koltovskaya and quietly live in unrecognized marriage, which produced two children. However, after the death of Anna Ivanovna Synod again begins pursuit pair.

Meanwhile, the ruler becomes Anna Leopoldovna and Parkhomov speaking to her. In 1741, he is the synod, but he was arrested. Bishops declare that Parkhomov and Koltovskaya "shamelessly and kamennoserdechno aki pigs in Blato through many years lay in adulteries," and decide to "send them all in the monasteries." Parkhomov sent to Solovki, Darya - in Suzdal Pokrovsky Monastery, and their children announce "prelyubodeychischami". Soon Peter and Paul Cathedral in St. Petersburg, read the solemn announcement of the complete victory of the Holy Synod of the "lawless" pair.