How does e-mail Russia

• How does mail Russia

Post of Russia - one of the largest enterprises of the country. 370,000 employees working in almost 42 thousand post offices. Every year is received, processed and delivered to more than 1, 5 billion. Letters, almost 50 million. Parcels and around 114 million. Remittance.

To see the way processing occurs constantly increasing flow of mail and parcels, I went to a small press tour in Moscow Regional automated sorting center, as well as in places of international postal exchange.

It is Russia's first automated sorting center, which serves a large part of the Central region of Russia with a total population of over 25 million. Man.

This ASC - the largest in Eastern Europe. He is able to process more than 3 million. Mailpieces per day, operating more than 5,200 post offices.

In the Union acted automated sorting letters, but with the collapse of the USSR the equipment is out of date and was decommissioned. Then came the new postal envelopes standards, which could not be handled by the old machines. Therefore, all mail was sorted by hand.

The commissioning of the Moscow ASC enables the transition to the principle of zonal and nodal transportation of mail, so that conditions are created to expedite the passage of mail in the area of ​​the service center to 2-3 days due to automation and elimination of intermediate stages of mail processing.

If earlier in the Central Federal District of origin were subjected to manual sorting in the first regional post offices, then - at the regional and, finally, in the sorting center in Moscow, now at these nodes mail only grouped into containers and then sent to the ASC.

Litsovochno-stamp machine. Thereon using standard mechanical analysis devices (in size) letters and cards are separated from the non-standard. it also automatically puts the letter in one position (litsevanie) and applies to the letter date stamp and wavy lines to extinguish the brand. This equipment letter prepared for processing on automatic pismosortirovochnoy car.

The fact that the machine could not handle, the hand goes to litsevaniya site. Here the operators separate nonstandard letters and letters with index illegible or location in a separate container which will go to the manual sorting. The remaining letters litsuyutsya and supplied to the automatic line.

The machine for coding and sorting of letters. It sorts standard letter size 220 * 110 * 114 mm and 162 mm.

At the beginning of the coding processing apparatus converts the digital and letter of the addresses in the conditional code that is printed on the letter. Further information about the encoded email address is scanned by a device with an optical sensor.

An hour this machine is able to sort 42,000 letters.

After treatment, the letters are automatically divided by targeted cells. Operators are removed from the cell pack separated address and placed in containers, which are sent to the final sorting steps - preparation of documents and sending e-mail for directions.

And this is the machine for coding and sorting of letters "flat" format, and registered mail. This equipment is sorted to a weight of 2, 5 kg and not more than 25 mm thick. Litsevanie for this machine only takes place manually. But given that the vast majority of these letters - it's corporate email, the manual processing usually boils down to, to get a packet of letters and to shove the car. In the hour it is capable of handling 16,000 parcels.

The machine for sorting packages and parcels. After coding and weighing parcel gets to station operators, who have to put it on the tape bar code down on a special window where the code reading for the distribution of parcels.

Loading takes place with five lines (plus one more line for large parcels), and then they come to a common conveyor. There stands a clever system that fires a parcel with a side tape on the main. Moreover, there should be exactly on the desired area. Watching this process, you can get stuck.

Next parcels are sorted according to their own trays and sent to further processing.

If the index or the address is not automatically recognized, then an image is photographed and sent to operators who need to read the code or address and enter it into the machine.

To this letter the machine sets the delay, and if the operator does not enter the required information, a letter thrown on manual sorting.

One second - to recognize index and 7 seconds - at the address.

, a special keyboard for manual recognition. A program is designed so that does not require pressing Enter. If the machine can not read the code, the operator begins to enter it manually. Once the program determines that it is enough, the picture immediately changes to the next letter. And all over again.

MMPO (Place of international postal exchange) in Moscow. This sort of "post gate" of the country. Through them always goes all international mail. In the photo - "Amber-1A", an apparatus for detecting radioactivity.

MMPO Moscow today is the key and the largest place of international postal exchange in the country.

Here there is a processing and customs inspection most of the imports and exports of mail. If you order something over the Internet, then your package passes through this building.

send different parcels. For example, in one parcel sword was detected during scanning.

Since the cold weapons are prohibited to be imported, the package is opened (which is drawn), and she will be sent back to the sword.

has received about 200 000 small packets per month in 2009 in Russia. Now the figure reaches 700-800 thousand (in NG - up to one million!). This increase demanded Update old infrastructure, development of new jobs for postal workers, as well as for customs officers.