Answers to strange questions, which at least once every wondered

Usually the question "why?" We often hear from the mouths of children who, because of his age do not know many obvious things. But if poraskinut brains, it turns out that we, as adults, do not know the answers to seemingly childish questions: why the sky is blue or that the grass is green? For once in your life, everyone thought about the questions to which answers are waiting for you to be a continuation, but because of their strangeness did not dare ask.

Why old books have a smell?

In short, the smell gives hundreds of volatile organic compounds. In 2009, on the subject study was conducted, the results of which were published in the journal Analytical Chemistry. According to this volatile organic compounds into the air from the books, and more particularly from decaying components of which it is composed - paper, ink and glue.

The study's author, Matija Strlich (Matija Strlič) described the odor as "a compound of herbaceous nuances with a slight smell of acid and vanilla, as well as underlined the smell of mustiness."

How to grow seedless grapes?

Most fruits today are not from seeds but from cut branches. A small portion of the vine or branch is cut, processed and placed in the ground, after which it begins to grow from the roots and leaves.

Some seedless grapes still contains bones, but they are very small. In general, most types of grapes contain seeds, just not all of them form the usual firm skin for us.

Why we do not see the chicks pigeons?

Maybe because we do not often look into their nests. Pigeons do not leave their nests until they fully grow up. In addition, when the pigeon grows up so that he could leave the nest, it is almost impossible to distinguish from adult pigeons.

Why it smells so good in the rain?

This fragrance called Petrichor (petrikor). It is in this word decided to designate the smell in the air, which remains after the rain has passed. It was invented by two Australian scientists in 1964.

This term Petrichor was formed by the merger of the Greek word petra ( "Stone") and ichor ( "ichor" - fluid flowing in the veins of the Greek mythological gods).

It is worth noting that in the creation of this fragrance, one of the main roles played by the organic compound geosmin (geosmin - with m "the smell of the earth."). This organic substance or else as a waste product of various microorganisms, including cyanobacteria and actinomycetes.

Why do we cry when we cut onions?

In the onion contains volatile oils that give the plant a peculiar flavor to it. sulfoxides amino acids - are organic substances in these oils.

When cutting onions is disturbed its tissue structure, broken cells, which in turn leads to the release of sulfonic acid are converted into B-tiopropional- degid oxide - that it causes tears. Additionally, condensed in acid form data thiosulfite, which gives its distinctive odor onions.

It should be noted that the formation tiopropionaldegid-8-oxide as a result of onion cutting peaks 30 seconds after the first cut.

Tears - a protective response of the body, which begins to generate a weak solution of sulfuric acid. Our brain "informs" the tear glands, it's time to allocate a large amount of liquid to wash away the irritant. More disturbed onion tissue - more and more gas is produced fluids produced by the body, ie more tears... onion reaction is a kind of defense mechanism against pests.

How much gold is losing gold ring, when we wear it?

According to a study conducted in 2008 and published in the journal Gold Bulletin, the average gold ring lost about 0, 12 mg of gold every week.

Chemist Georg Shtayhauzer (Georg Steinhauser), who authored the study, says: "Most of the gold is lost while relaxing on the beach, where the ring is subjected to the influence of abrasive sand."

Why in hot weather, the garbage stinks more than the cold?

Most of the debris consists of organic material - the peel of fruits and vegetables, leftovers, etc. This material begins to decompose, releasing an unpleasant odor, which indicates that it is impossible to eat...

If the environment is quite warm, organic material decomposes faster. In addition, we are less sensitive to the cold, so that when it is warm weather, the stench of garbage is becoming stronger.

Why Penguins do not fly?

On the path of evolution of the bird apparently had to choose which skill it more useful: nice to be able to fly or swim well. This idea was put forward scientists, whose research was published in 2013 in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

According to the study, the penguins can not fly because their body is more adapted to diving than for flight.

"To learn to fly, they need to grow big wings, or increase the body size, in order to better dive, but if both conditions are met, the flight will be impossible", - explains Robert Ricklefs (Robert Ricklefs), co-author of the study and an ornithologist from the University of Missouri at St. -Luise.

Why is hard to sneeze with your eyes open?

It should first be noted that if you decide to keep your eyes open especially when you want to sneeze, they do not come out of their sockets. And even if this happened, the closed eyelids would not be able to help you avoid this. In fact, during sneezing, we turn a blind eye simply because the reflex is triggered. When your brain sends a signal to sneeze, some of it informed that the eyes should be closed.

Why do people go to rehouse, not sideways?

If the crabs so go, why people do not do that? Even if we have to go left or right, we still turn around and move front.

One reason may be the fact that walking sideways uses as much energy as jogging front.

The study, published in the journal Biology Letters in 2013, showed that walking sideways needs more energy because the person during such a process has to stop after each step to make the next step.

Why some people are covered with freckles and others do not?

In freckles contain melanin pigment. Most freckles occur due to the same gene, which leads to red hair - MC1R.

The cells in the skin that produce melanin are called melanocytes. MC1R produces a protein that lives on these cells and tells your body how to create melanin.

In dark-skinned people more often melanocytes produce one type of melanin - eumelanin. People who have more pheomelanin is produced, the skin is paler and a lot of freckles. By the way, these people are not very tan, ie the sun their skin is almost no change in hue as pheomelanin -.. Unlike eumelanin - does not protect people from ultraviolet rays.

Why even the smallest speck of dust in the eye creates a very unpleasant feeling?

Your cornea, the front most convex transparent element of the eyeball, has a lot of nerve endings.

If the eye hit the dust and then you began to rub it, you simply rub a speck of dust on the surface of the cornea, which worsens the situation, making the pain more. You can also inadvertently excessive force on a speck of dust, and it will go into the cornea. Instead of rubbing the eye, try to blink, in most cases, it helps.

Why fingers popping warts?

It is known that the wart is human papilloma virus (HPV). There are over 100 HPV species from very infectious forms, causing warts in intimate places to less formidable, which become the cause warts on hands and fingers.

When the virus infects bothersome outer layer of skin, typically through a cut or scratch, it provokes a rapid growth of the cells on the outer layer of the epidermis. So it turns out mostly benign tumor, which we call the wart.

Why men have an erection in the morning?

Science gives a very vague answers to this question. There are some interesting theories that provide an explanation for this phenomenon. In medical language morning erection is called nocturnal penile swelling. This is quite a natural phenomenon that occurs with any healthy man 3-5 times per night, regardless of the fact that he was dreaming.

According to one theory, morning erections occur at night when the blood flows into the penis cavernosum by increasing the oxygen supply to the tissue and thereby preventing incontinence and erectile dysfunction.

Why three bruise and rip off the crust from the wound?

Bruises - a fairly common injury caused by the rupture of blood vessels under the skin (usually from the blow). Bruising leads to inflammation, which triggers pain receptors in the muscles and the skin, that is, when you click on a bruise, we feel the pain.

So why do we often push or three place hematoma formation? It turns out that this is the way to a kind of anesthesia. When we three therapy area, it contributes to the launch of other receptors in the skin: the feeling of pressure, light touch, temperature and more. Activate other receptors for a short time, we thus "drowns out" the pain that recognizes our brain and for a while feel relieved. Removing the crust on the wound - this is absolutely the opposite phenomenon, but as is the case with a bruise, we do it instinctively. On the one hand, it can be a symptom of "obsessive-compulsive tendencies, which often signals the underlying anxiety disorder." On the other hand, some experts believe that this kind of a relic of ancient times, when our ancestors for reasons of hygiene were forced to lick and scratch themselves. The crust is like a natural patch that covers the wound healing, and it certainly begins to itch, so we often pay attention to it.

Is it possible to die of old age?

In fact, there is. The truth is that living cells have a limited life expectancy; the body will never die because its cells are too old. However, the old cells are very weak, which may lead to malfunction of organs or their complete incapacity. It also means that the old weak cells can not fight disease as easily as do young cells. This leads to the fact that the disease, which pass almost unnoticed by the young organism, can be fatal for older people.

Why can we wet oneself from fear?

In all guilty of our brain. You may be surprised, but when a person feels the need to urinate in the area of ​​the bladder, the action itself is controlled by our head.

In stressful situations, braking signals from the frontal lobe (the one that does not give us crap in their pants when the bladder becomes full) can be "abolished" the limbic system - a collection of a number of structures of the brain that controls the reaction so-called "fight or flight". When we are worried or frightened, the electrical signals coming from the limbic system, becoming so intense that the brain stem is experiencing difficulties with the execution of commands coming from the frontal lobe. That's why some people unexpected happens embarrassment, for example, before an important exam or at the start of the marathon.

Why erect penis slightly tilted to the left (or right)?

Despite widespread rumors, this phenomenon has nothing to do with masturbation. Almost all healthy men notice that their erect penis is located in one direction or the other. Such bending is usually quite insignificant and should not become a cause for alarm. Inclination to the right or left determines the ligament that surrounds the corpus cavernosum of the penis and holds the cavernous body in a certain way. It is called the tunica. The differences in the elasticity of the two-chamber body leads to a slight curvature of the penis during erection.

What causes nausea during vertigo?

Because our brain thinks that he was poisoned. Unexpectedly, is not it? Vomiting occurs for one of three reasons: something irritates our brain, something irritates our alimentary canal or during hormonal changes (usually during pregnancy). When our eyes see something different from the fact that fluid (endolymph) in our inner ear sends to the brain, it's starting to annoy him. To protect themselves, the brain causes the body to release the contents of the stomach.

Why men nipples?

in the bud, men and women are alike. In the first few weeks, the embryo is formed by the "female pattern", starting with the reproductive system, and ending with the nipples. Only after 60 days is effective hormone testosterone (embryos with Y-chromosome) varying genetic activity genitalia, and brain cells. Although breast cancer in men cease to grow, nipples on the chest will not disappear.

Why one nostril breathing is better than another?

The nostrils are good friends who are doing their job on the line. Even if we do not have a cold, our nostrils distribute the load among themselves: the majority of the air goes in and out through one nostril and a much smaller amount of air passes through the other. Every few hours, our autonomic nervous system, which monitors heart rate, digestion and other important functions that we do not consciously control, doing so one nostril at a time, took over most of the work. At a cold extra mucus causes a feeling of fullness in one nostril, which is "resting" at the moment.