10 amazing facts about plastic surgery

When it comes to plastic surgery, many are just expensive surgery resorted to the famous and rich, to preserve the beauty. A grain of truth in it, because the most common operations that are performed today in this area are rhinoplasty and breast augmentation. But it is worth noting that plastic surgeons were the real innovators and development of this sector went far beyond aesthetics.

1. The name has nothing to do with plastics

The origins of the methods of plastic surgery date back to the 16th century, when the Italian physician Gaspare Talyakotstsi copying the methods described in the Indian leadership about 1000 years ago, successfully recovered a damaged patient's nose with a cloth taken from the inside of the forearm of the patient.

The term "plastic" was first used to describe these methods in 1837 - 18 years before the invention of plastic and plastic. The term comes from the Greek word "Plastikos" (stucco, sculpture). Experts in the industry were initially much more focused on the reconstruction of deformed or damaged parts of the body than on their cosmetic correction.

By the mid-19th century, advances in anesthesia and sterilization made possible bolder procedure. However, throughout this time, plastic surgery is not officially recognized as a branch of medicine, despite its obvious potential.

2. Anthology of breast augmentation

The first successful breast augmentation was also reconstructive rather than cosmetic surgery, because the patient had a large tumor and part of her left breast was removed. German surgeon Vincenzo Czerny used a large lipoma - a benign tumor of adipose patients back to rebuild the breast. This happened in 1895, and the next 70 years, surgeons have performed, trying to come up with material for commercially viable breast implants. Wax sponge impregnated with alcohol and beeswax - it just was not used. Only in the early 1960s, a surgeon from Houston Frank Dzhirou first tried to use a silicone implant.

3. How It All Started

While the aforementioned achievements in the field of anesthesia and antisepsis allowed plastic surgeons to perform complex procedures in the early 1900s, the industry has flourished only during the First World War. Due to the fact that there are new kinds of explosives and weapons, thousands of soldiers returned home with injuries that are literally never seen before.

It was at this time began to develop plastic surgery, thanks largely to a London doctor (New Zealander by birth) Harold Gillis, which today is considered to be the father of modern plastic surgery. Recently, detailed records were found on more than 11,000 procedures, which were subjected to more than 3 000 soldiers in the eight years between 1917 and 1925, including on innovative operations to transplant skin and muscles, which no one held previously. Since then there has not yet antibiotics, each operation has been associated with a serious risk of infection.

4. Plastic Surgeon and car safety

The debate about the safety car came literally from the time of their occurrence. In 1935 in the Readers' Digest has produced a publication called "Sudden Death". Author Joseph C. Furnas basically wanted to shame the careless drivers. use rubber instead of steel buttons, rounded door handles and so on: However, specific recommendations on how to improve the security costs under this article Detroit plastic surgeon Claire Streit sent a Chrysler company in 1937..

5. Plastic surgery and organ transplantation

While most people believe that the transplant procedure, are not directly related to plastic surgery, they use many of the same techniques, such as the reconstruction and reattachment of the nerves and tissues. The first successful organ transplant (kidney transplant) was carried out well-known plastic surgeon Joseph E. Murray in 1954. At that time, Murray was already well known for the successful treatment of patients, burn victims, and with different facial deformities.

Dr. Murray went on to become known throughout the world and that he helped develop the first generation of immunosuppressive drugs in the 1960s. In 1990 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Prize for his pioneering work.

6. The first successful transplantation of hands - the merit of the plastic surgeon

Braydenbah Dr. Warren, head of reconstructive and plastic surgery at the University of Arizona is considered the world's foremost authority in the field of transplantation of hands. In 1999, he became the first surgeon who has successfully performed a similar operation.

Patient Matthew Scott lost his arm in an accident 14 years earlier, and sewed him a deceased person's hand, and he learned how to use it. Previous attempts (the first one dates back to 1964 year, when immunosuppressants were in their infancy) led eventually to the fact that the patient's immune system rejects the donor hand. Since 1999, Warren has spent Braydenbah 85 such operations.

7. 'Medical tourism' and plastic surgery

Many people often go for expensive procedures, including plastic surgery operations in the country where the cost of health care is more controlled by the state. For example, in countries such as Mexico and Brazil, the so-called "medical tourism" it is no longer something new. Recently, in this respect, are also gaining popularity Dubai and Thailand. Only in 2013, a whopping $ 4, 3 billion was earned in Thailand due to foreigners seeking medical treatment.

8. The lift does not require surgery

New York plastic surgeon Doug Shtaynbreh offers surgery facelift without immediate surgery. This is achieved thanks to a special device which slowly stretches the skin for three hours (of course, this is done under general anesthesia).

Although in the end still needed stitches, the treatment only lasts for 5 days and costs only $ 35 000. Another doctor from New York, Doris Day also showed non-surgical techniques that use ultrasound instead of traditional liposuction.

9. Men's plastic surgery

Most tend to think of surgery for cosmetic purposes as a purely female "hobby". But lately, the data show that from 1997 to 2014 the number of men who use cosmetic procedures has increased by as much as 273 percent.

10. A face transplant

In 2012, the plastic surgeon from Baltimore Eduardo Rodriguez performed the most extensive face transplant in history. His patient was Richard Norris, who attempted suicide in 1997 by a shotgun blast in the face. He had to do almost a full face transplant. Although the result was a bit strange compared to what it was, it's a phenomenal achievement. Rodriguez has since reiterated his achievement when in 2015 he made a new face firefighter Patrick Hardison, whose face was completely destroyed by fire.